Africa

Categories

• Origin of name
• Prehistory
• North Africa
• Sub-Saharan Africa
• Colonization of Africa
• The period of colonial administration
• The decolonization of Africa
• Geography
• Fauna and flora
• African Union
• The total economic-geographic characteristics of Africa
• Problems and difficulties of African States
• Population
• Languages
• Education
• Literature
• Cinema

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Sub-Saharan Africa

   In sub-Saharan Africa in the I-th millennium BC. Oe. widely spread in the iron and steel industry. This has contributed to the development of new territories, first of all - rain forests, and became one of the reasons for the resettlement of mostly tropical and South Africa bantuyazychnyh people, pushed to the north and south of the representatives of the Ethiopian and kapoidnoy races.

   Centers of civilization were distributed in tropical Africa from north to south (in the eastern part of the continent) and partly from the east to west (especially in the western part).

   The Arabs, they enter into North Africa in the VII century, until the arrival of Europeans, were the main intermediaries between the sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world, including across the Indian Ocean. Culture of the Western and Central Sudan teamed West African or Sudanese, cultural area, stretching from Senegal to the modern Republic of Sudan. In the II-th millennium, most of this area was part of the large state-owned entities, Ghana, Kanem-Borno, Mali (XIII-XV century), Songhai.

   To the south of the Sudanese civilizations in VII-IX century AD existing state education Ife, which became the cradle of civilization Yoruba and Bini (Benin, Oyo), their influence tested and neighboring peoples. To the west of it in the 2 nd millennium formed Akano-Ashanti prototsivilizatsiya, which flourished in the XVII - beginning XIX century.

   In the region of Central Africa during the XV-XIX centuries. eventually various state education - Buganda, Rwanda, Burundi, etc.

   In East Africa, with the X century flourished suahiliyskaya Muslim culture (the city-state of Kilwa, Pate, Mombasa, Lamu, Malindi, Sofala and others, the sultanate of Zanzibar).

   In South-Eastern Africa - Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe, Monomotapa) prototsivilizatsiya (X-XIX Century), the process of state formation in Madagascar was completed at the beginning of the XIX century the union of all rannepoliticheskih formations around the island Merina.